Know What is CPU

                  
CPU stands for Central Processing Units, namely computer hardware which is tasked with command and processing data from the software. Often referred to as the processor, or computer brain. CPU itself is an internal component of a computer. CPUs are small and square, containing several metal connector at the bottom to be inserted directly to the CPU socket on motherboard. Every motherboard only supports a particular type of CPU so you should check the motherboard specification before attempting to replace or upgrade the CPU. Generally on top of the CPU is usually installed a heat sink and small fan to help keep it not to get too hot.

CPU Components

CPU consists of three components, namely:

- Control Unit, functions as the center of a computer control which has works of taking a variety of data and instructions from the memory to be processed, selecting instructions associated with logic and arithmetic functions and sending it to the ALU to process, supervising the work of ALU, organizing input and output tools, and bringing back the results (outputs) of processing into the main memory.

- ALU (Arithmetic and Logical Unit), works to perform arithmetic and logic calculation process in accordance with the instructions of the program.

- Register, functions as a memory storage of data or instructions which is processed. Data is taken from main memory (RAM) and then placed in the register to be processed.


Working Methods

When a program will be executed, the contents of that program within the disk is taken and put into RAM. Control Unit differentiate instruction and data, instruction is placed in the Program-Storage and data placed in the Working-Storage. Further instructions and data taken by the Control Unit are stored in the Registry. If the instruction is a logical or arithmetic calculation, it is then brought to the ALU for processing. The result will be accommodated in the Accumulator. Control Unit will pick it up and bring it back into RAM and then display the result to the output device.

List of The General-Known MicroPrcessors

Here is a list of CPUs that are commonly known:

AMD: Athlon, Athlon 64, Athlon XP, Duron, Opteron, Sempron, Turion.
ARM: ARM.
Digital Equipment Corporation: V-11, MicroVAX 78032, CVAX, Rigel, Mariah, NVAX, Alpha, StrongARM.
Elbrus: Elbrus-3.
Fairchild Semiconductor: Clipper.
Hewlett-Packard: Capricorn, FOCUS, PA-7000 ~ PA-8900, Saturn.
IBM: IBM 801, Cell Processor, Broadway Processor.
POWER: POWER 1 ~ 6, RISC Single Chip, P2SC.
PowerPC-AS: A10, A25, A30, RS64.
Intel: Itanium, Xeon, Core i5, Core i7, Core 2, Core, Pentium ( Pro, MMX, II, III, 4, D, M, Dual-Core), Celeron, Atom.
MIPS Technologies: R2000, R3000, R3000A, R4000, R4400, R6000, R8000, R10000, R12000, R14000, R16000.
National Semiconductor: NS320xx.
NEC: V20/V25/V40 dan V30/V33/V50.
SPARC: SPARC.
Texas Instruments: TMS1000, TMS1100, TMS7000, TMS9900.
VIA: VIA, VIA C3, VIA C7, VIA Eden.
Western Electric: WE-32000.
Zilog: Zilog, Z80, Zilog Z8000.

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